Punch-cutting machine



M. C. INDAHL PUNCH CUTTNG MACHINE Filed Feb. 15. 1925 7 sheets-sheet 1 "f a Q R4 o 'El E i@ s INVENTORI imm@ hdd/zz, 5)/

oct. 13, 1925. 1,556,691

M. C. INDAHL PUNCH CUTTING MACHINE Filed Feb l5. 192s 7 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTORZ /Vulfilz [mid/bb,

Oct. 13I 1925.

M. C. INDAHL PUNCH CUTTING MACHINE Filed Feb. l5' 1925 7 Sheetlsheet 5 maar In xln llunl: ulm.

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DHLI 7n EM Vo mm W oef. 13, 1925.

MQ c. INDAHL.

PUNCH CUTTING MACHINE 4VFiled Feb 15. 192s '7 sheets-sheet 4 oct. 13, 1925. n17,556,691

M. c. INDAHL PUNCH CUTTING MACHINE Filed Feb. l5. 1923 'I Sheets-Sheet 5 M. C. INDAHL oct. 13, 1925. 1,556,691

PUNCH CUTTING MACHINE Filed Feb. 15? 192s 7 sheets-sheet e FIC?. 9.

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l 1 9 6, .w 6 e 5 .w 5. .y .l m m y s* 7. I6 Il. l l l l I l l l l l l l I l l l |I\J. 8 W E m 3 L .H 2 M. H w w M 5 -5.; N M l c. w w u f w F G :MX M. n w a u .n F r 8 7 lllllllllllllli? |\r a. ,'23, a w h m m o 3 8 l o a 1 O T@ Nja E VC N1@ .n u mm /w m5 ,.4 fram/f Y Patented Oct. 13, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ldilittii MAURITZ C. INDAHL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 LANSTON MONOTYPE MACHINE COMPANY, @FF PHILADELPHIA., PENNSYLVANIA, A COR- PORATION 0F VIRGINIA.

PUNCH-CUTTING MACHINE.

Application filed' February 15, 1923. kSerial No. 619,219.

To ZZ whom t may] concern.' i

Be it known that I, MAUnrrz C. NDAHL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Punch-Cutting Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and to the characters of reference marked thereon.

rIhis invention relates to machines for reproducing pattern designs in cameo or in intaglio. More particularlyv it relates to machines of this kind in which a pattern is reproduced by a power driven cutting tool operating upon a piece of steel or other metal for the purpose of producing a punch which can later be used in the producion of matrices such as those used in the art of type casting.

- Machines of this character have been produced in which there are adjustments whereby the pattern may be altered in its repro-duction either horizontally as to the width or vertically as to the height of the pattern reproduced, or both vertically and horizontally. Such machines may be Atermed vertical pantograph machines in contradis-A tinction to the ordinary fiat. pantograph, and are represented, for example, by United States Letters 1Batent 938,07 1i, dated October 26, 1909.

The main object of the present invention is to produce a pattern design reproducing machine in which the height and width adjustments may be made independently of each other without affecting or influencing each other; a machine inwhich the pivotal plane of the pantograph or tracer arm is not altered whatever the adjustment, Vand the length of the tracer arm is not affected by the adjustment: and a machine in' which these adjustments produce a variation as desired in height and in width without distortion, vsuch as may occur ina diagonal direc tion as in the case ofthe patented machine when both the height and the width adjustmonts are influencing the action of the cutter of the machine and the length 0f the tracer arm when the tracer is operated in the width direction is not the same as its length operated ythe heightdirection. Another object is the combination of a vertical pantograph with a horizontal or flat pantograph, or the like, by which a variety of proportional reproductions may be had or different size patterns may be employed and by which the tracer may follow the vpattern accurately and without produc# ing distortion: another object is to adapt a pantograph machine to definite independent adjustments which can be made by an operator not specially trained or skilled and tov produce control mechanisms for the machine which are certain and definite in action and are capable of being handled by an unskilled operator. Other objects will be pointed out hereinafter or will otherwise appear in connection with the following description of the particular embodiment of the invention which'is shown in the accompanying drawings in which,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a punchcutting machine embodying the invention,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof,

Fig. 3 isa sectional detail showing the latch mechanism for the work or punch blank holder.

Fig. t is a perspective, partly in section, showing the quill retaining and elevating device,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the top por tionr of the machine shown partly in eleva-- tion and partly in vertical section.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the quill holding the cutting tool and associated parts.

Fig. 7 is asection similar to that of the lower part of Fig. 6 with the pulley clutch" in a different position from that of Fig. 6.

Fig.8 is a perspective view in separated relation of the sliding members or plates by which the movements ofthe tracer arm are communicated to the work.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section through a portionofthe plates, illustrating particularly the roller bearings for one vof the plates.

Fig. 1() is a vertical section through a portion of the plates, showing a ball bearing and other associated parts. c i Fig. l1 is a view partly in section of the control lever mechanism and,

Fig. l2 is a side elevation thereof.

The machine illustrated is a vertical pantograph machine ofthe general typedisclosed in. Patent 938,974, previously men.-

All)

tioned. The trame of the machine comprises a base 1 provided with hollow standards 2 connected at the top by a cross piece 3, which cross piece is provided with bearings for the tool holder. Located above the ross piece are upright trame members t, provided at their top with a horizontal ring member 5 in which is supported the universal joint, which is, as shown, in the form oit gimbal rings. The members a'- support intern'iediate the cross piece 3 and the gimbal rings, a group ot sliding plates associated with the devices tor holding the work to be operated upon, which in this machine is usually a steel punch blank. rThe ring member 5 ot the trame is provided with pivots 6 extei'iding horizontally and being in alignment. On the pivots 6 is supported the giinbal ring ,7 nside ot the :trame ring 5. The ring l? is provided with horizontal aligned pivots 8, the pivots 8 being` at right angles to the pivots 6 and supporting` within the outer ginibal ring 7 an intt-rmcdiate gimbal ring 9. This intern'iediate ring is provided with radial extensions 10, the ends ot which project beyond the trame ring 5 and have secured to them the conv-ergingl rods 11 which meet in a tracer holder 12; the extensions 10, rods 11 and holder 12 constituting the tracer arm of the machine and ending in the tracer 13 itself (Fig. 2) located just above the base 1 so as to swing thereover between the :trame uprights 2.

rlhe intermediate gimbal ring 9 is pro vided with pivots 141s in alignment with the previously mentioned pivots 6 and extending inwardly in the ring 9 to support the inner gimbal ring which, as shown, is in the iorm ot a cross bar 15. All the pivots ot the gimbal joint are permanently7 in the same horizontal plane when the tracer 13, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is at its central point immediately below the bell 47, and are non-adjustable out ot' this plane.

The outer gimbal ring 7 and the inn'er gimbal member 15 are provided with connections between them and the sliding plate An'iechanism associated with the blank to be operated upon by the tool. These connections are adjustable and one connection is provided tor adjustable control of move ment ot the work in one direction, and the other is independently adjustable to control the movement ot the work in a direction at right angles to the iirst mentioned direction. rthe sliding plates are tour in number, as shown in Fig. 8, of which the third 'from the top is fixed to the frame eX- tensions t. This plate 16 is seated in recessed shoulders on the extensions 4, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and has secured to it by screws 17 (F ig. 9) the brackets 18 on one side of the plate holding vertical rollers 19 and horizontal rollers 20, t-hese rollers being adapted to guide and give smooth bearing to the rim pieces 21 secured to the second plate from the top identiiied by the character 22. rhe other side of the plate 16 is provided with bracket-s 18 secured by screws 17 and having vertical rollers 19 to cooperate with the rim pieces 21. lin this manner the plate 22 is guided in its movements in a direction measuring the height ot the character reproduced and is also held by the vertical roller bearings from move ment vertically. The plate 22 can therefore move only in one direction as indicated by the arrow in Fig. S.

The top plate is secured to the bottom plate 2li by screws (Fig. 8) ywhich `extend through the slotted holes 26 in the plate 22, and through the square holes 27 in the liXed plate 16. The top and bottom plates being bound together, move as a unit. They move at right angles to the direction of plate 22, namely, in a width direction and they can also partake ot the movement .of plate 22. Plates and 24 therefore are capable o't movement in both the height and vidth directions as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 8. Keys 28 running in a width direction are secured to the lower tace ot top plate 23 and run in grooves 29 in plate 22, being guided by rollers 30 in said plate 22. These keys allow movement of the top and bottom plates in the width direction and cause the top and bottom plates to move in a height direction with plate 22.

rlChe lined plate 16 is provided with bearing blocks 31 (Fig. 10) adjusted in an obvious way by the plates 32. the pins 33, the set screws and conduits 35 leading through the plate 16, andthe blocks 31 serve to admit lubricant to the bearing surfaces between tired plate- 16 and bottom plate 24. (ln the top oit each block 31 is a roller bearing 3G which Floats upon the block 31 within the limits ol? thc raised rim 37.- rllhc plate is provide-d with l'iearing blocks 3S to cooperate with the ball bearings 8G and havingl a rim to prevent the ball bearings 3G from becoming` displaced. The blocks 38 project through apertures 38 in plate 22. ylhere are tour ot' these ball bearing assemblies, as shown in Fig. 8, one near each corner of the plate 16. rllhe weight of the top plate 23 and the bottom plate 24 is thus carried through the ball bearings 36 by the 'Fixed plate 16. whereas as explained betere. the weight oit the intermediate plate 22 is carried on the roller bearings 19 and 19.

The connections previously referred to be tween the outer gimbal ringl 7 and the inner gimbal ring` 15 and these plates consist in slidable, adjustable connections coniprising in each case a cylinder and piston, the latter being movable vertically to change the work arm or the distance between the pivotal plane ot the. gimbal joint and the work, which is carried upon the bottom plate 24.

ltll) lin Cil

The height adjustment comprises the cylindrical member (Fig. secured by screws 41 to the plate 22 and extending upwardly theretrom through an aperture 43 in the top plate the lower part thereof extending into the aperture 44 fin the fixed plate 16. YWithin the cylindrical member 40 is a piston 45 connected .by a ball and socket joint with a piston rod 46, to the upper end ot which is secured the bell piece 47 by the nut 48. Surrounding the upper part ot the piston rod 46 is a bearing sleeve 49 set within the boss 50 which terms a part o1, and projects upwardly from, the outer gimbal ring 7 at one side thereol andin line'with the pivots 6. @n this boss 50 are screw threads for co-operating` with the nut 51. lt the bell 47 is lifted by hand or by manually screwing up the nut 51, it will cause the piston rod 46 and the piston 45 to litt within the cylinder 40 and in this way an adjustable length vbetween the gimbal ring 7 and the operating point 45 of the plate 22 may be produced. The work arm, being the distance between the plane ot the pivots ot the universal joint and the center ot the ball joint oit piston 45, may thus be changed in length. Y y

Alongside oit the bell 47 is the scale 52 and the pointer 53 is provided on the bell se that an adjustment may be made according to a denite n'ieasurement.L When the adjustment has been produced, the cam rod 54 extending vertically through the wall oi' the cylinder 40 and having a cam portion adapted to project through said wall against the piston is turned by operating the handle slightly. After the locking has been produced by manipulating the handle 55, the adjusting nut 51 may be backed oil to allow unhindered movement ofthe plates and tracer arm.v rlhis locking device is of the same construction as-that shown in Letters Patent No. 968,074, previously referred to.

The width connection between the inner gimbal ring 15 and the platesV is, as shown, at the center oit. the gimbal rings and comprises a cylinder 40 secure-d by screws 41 to the top plate 23 and bottom plate 24. rlhis cylinder 49 extends upwardly through aperture 48 in plate 23, aperture 42 in plate 22 and'aperture 44 in plate 16. lts piston 45 is secured by a universal joint to the piston rod 46 uponV which a bell 47 `is secured by a nut 48 and around which is a bearing sleeve 49 Vand a boss 50 formingl part ot the giinbal bar l5; the boss 59 is threaded to co-operate with a. nut 5l" and a scale 52 and pointer 56 are provided, as in the case oi the height adjustment. The lock tor the piston is similarto that previously described, and consists ot a cam member 54Awith its handle 55.

The blank to be operated upon is carried in the holder 56 (Figs. 2, 8 and 5) having a handle 57. rl`his holder 5o slides horizontally in a member 58 secured to the bottom t the lower plate 24 by screws and provided with a dove tail in which the holder lits; and the latter is provided with a small notch, in its side, as in the patented construction referred to, into which the pin 59 3) projects under the influence oi leai spring 60, the latter being controlled byv the cam lever 61, held by the linger latch 62 and lent spring 63 in a manner which will be readily understood by an inspection ot Fig. 8. TWhen the nger latch 62 is thrown aganist the resistance ot the leaf spring 63, the cam lever 61 is tree to drop and thus relieve pressure ot the leat spring 69 upon the pin 59; the latter drops out oit the notch in the holder 56 and the holder may be removed by the use ot the handle 57. Vhen it is desired to replace the tool holder, it is pushed into position in the member 58 and the cam lever 61 is moved to cause the pin 59 to enter the notch in the holder and secure it in position.

Immediately below the tool holder 56, the trame cross piece 8 is provided with an aperturein which is secured the sleeve 64 (Figs. 4, 6 and 7) in which the tool holding device or quill may be inserted-in upward direction, the tool 65 'being on the upper end ot the quill and being retained in its holder in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. f

The quill consists of the stationary sleeve 66 which fits within the trame sleeve 64 and within which is the inner rotatable sleeve 67 running on roller bearings between the sleeves 66 and 67. rllhe tool 65 is carried by a tool holder 68 extending vertically and centrally through `the quill and ending at the bottom in a handle 69, the tool beiner yieldably held in position on the sleevev 6l' by the spring-70 coiled around the stem 68 within the sleeve 67. The handle portion 69 maybe unscrewed from the upper portion so that the latter maybe removed and the tool replaced in a. well-known manner.

Extending below and secured t-o the trame cross piece 3 is the plate 3 to which is secured by screws 72, a bracket 71 torming the inner pulley member 73 around which runs upon ball bearings the outer pulley member 74 provided with a groove in. its periphery 'for the driving belt 7 5. rllhe pulley 74 is provided with a central aperture coaxial with the quill and this aperture is provided with a radial slot 76 into which a lug on the quill clutch member 77 projects, the latter being provided with a slot into which projects the hook 77 the latter threaded to the rotating quill Vmembei' 67 (Fig. 6). rl`he quill when inserted thus clutches through its members 77 and 77 to the louter pulley-member 74 and the quill is therefore driven by the belt 75 at a definite speed.

lf it is desired to drive the quill at a slower speed, as for example, the quill containing' the i'ofnningx," tool, it is provided with a hooi(` 76 and a clutch member 77" (Fig. 7) which co-oiierates with a. slot 76 in the inner member 74; of the lar; pulley. driven by belt 75. the outer member 73 of fi pulley beingv supported by a bracket 7l. secured by screws 72 to the plate 3 and having' a ball race for ball bearings between the inner member 74 and the outer member 7l Since the pulley 74 is larger in diameter than the pulley 75L, the speed of rotation is less in the case of pulley 7%. The belts 75 and 75 are adapted to pass off to a suitable driving mechanism, preferably comiirisingg an electric motor (not shown).

The control of the machine is largely located at a single point so that the operator may have as few mechanisn'is as possible. to handle. The control devicef shown in Figs. 1l and 19. consists of a. handle lever 76 secured to shaft 79 in the. frame 30, the latter being' secured to one of the standards 2 of the machine. The shaft. 79 is provided with a cam 81 operating on a roller 82 secured to one arm of bell crank lever 83, pivoted on the shaft 84. and provided at its other end with an adjustable bearing' in the form of a screw 85 to contact with the vertical rod 86 extending' upwardly within the hollow frame member 2. yl`he upper end of the rod 36 bears against the outer end of the quill elevatinga lever 37 piv'oted at 88 (Figs. 4 and 5) in t-he cross member 3 of the frame and pressed downwardly at its outer end by a spring' 88': the. lever 87 is provided at its inner end with a spring catch 89, the end of which extends radially toward the center of the quill below the frame member 3 and 'tits into the annular notch 90. shown particularly inA Figs. 4 6 and 7. rlhe operator may pull the. catch S9 outwardly and the quill. will be removable in a downward direction, while pushing` the quill upwardly within the sleeve 64e will cause t-he spring' catch 89 to seat itself within the notch 90. lhen the handle 7S is turned so that the cam 79 allows the rod 36 to move downwardly under iniuence of the spring' 33', the lever 87 moves to elevate the catch 39 and` thus push the quill upwardly as far as the adiustable stop. to be described, will allow such movement.

The cam shaft 79 is provided also with cam 31, which operates on roller 32 of bell crank lever 83, pivoted on shaft 84, the outer end of the work arm of said bell crank lever being1 provided with an adjustable screw 85 for contact with rod 86 extending vertically within the hollow standard 2 of the frame alongside of rod 86. The upper end of rod 86 contacts with the outer end of lever 87 pivoted at 96 and normally pressed downwardly against the rod by a sprii 576 (itin: This lever 67 is provided with a short arm 67' working' in a notch in a slidable locking' member 9i. which moves under the influence of the spring; preswl lever 37', in a radial direction with respect to the quill, and has a concave end 9l, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6. which is pressed against quill member 66 to lock it frictionally in place. liis act-ion occurs by proper timing' of the Cams 3l. and 3l. aft;` the quill has been elevated against the adjustable stop now to be described.

lin extension 92 of the frame is provided at the upper end of the right hand standard 2, in which the rods 86 and 86 are located, within which extension is a micro-meter screw device 93 terminating` in an indicator hand wheel located in a position to be easily reached by the operator. The upper end of the micrometer terminates in a shaft eXtension 94 (F adapted to contact with lever 95, pivoted at 95 and provided at its inner end with a gage point 95 (Fig. 6) extending through an aperture in the sleeve 64 and adapted to contact with a shoulder 66 formed on the quill member 66'by flattening' a portion of the periphery thereof. lllhen the micrometer device 93 is operated, it causes the lever 95 to take a position in which its gage point 95 forms a stop to limit the movement of the quill in an upward direction under the influence of the elevating' lever 87. ln other words, the control of the micrometer 93 determines the height of the tool with reference to the frame of the machine, and therefore the. depth to which it will cut into the punch blank, the latter beine' held directly above the tool by the blank holder 56.

The lever '78 also operates through the shaft 79 an electric contact device 96 (Fig. 1Q) so that when the handle is moved from the vertical position shown in Fig. 2, toward its horizontal position, it first closes the switch points 96 and causes the electric motor to which the belts 75 and 75 are connected to operate; then as it is swung farther down, it iirst causes rod 86, lever 87 and catch device 39, operating' in connection with notch 90 of the quill to move the latter upwardly until stopped by the gage point 95 of lever 95, the setting` of which has been determined by operation of the micrometer device 93. `When the quill has risen to its proper height to determine the depth of cut, cam 8l operates upon rod 86 to cause lever 87 and friction block member 9l to operate to hold the quill rmly in its adjusted position.

The base plate 1 of the machine may be used in connection with tracer 13. As shown, howeveigthis tracerl is connected by a ball joint 97 with a flat pantograph comprising a. lever 98 (Fig. 1) pivoted at 99 to a bracket 100 secured to the base plate 1. A lever 101 is secured at the outer end 102 of lever 98 and is provided with a tracer 10S-3 at its opposite end, said lever 101 being.

secured intermediate its ends at the pivotal point 10d to lever 105 pivoted at 106 to lever 107, pivoted to lever 98 at the point 108, intermediate the ends of lever 98. rlhe tracer joint 97 is in the member'105` and lies in a straight line drawn between the pivotal point 99 for the pantograph, and the tracer point 103 thereof. At a point 109 an aperture is made in the arm 107 and in the base plate so that the pantograph may be pivoted to the base plate 1 by moving the pivot 99 to the point 109. This point 109 is also in the straight line, connecting the pivot 99 with the tracer 103.

rllhe p antograph may thus be pivoted" either at the point 99 or at the point 109 s0 that. different proportional reductions may be transmitted to the vertical pantograph: the reduction as shown may be 2 to 1 or 4; to 1. The tracer 103 operates over a table 110 formed as an extension in front of and at the right side of base plate 1. This table is provided with the usual locking and center ing devices for the pattern to be reproduced and with a form of the well-known `ring magazine 111. The tracer 103, due to the combination of the vertical and flat pantographs, is always vertical and at no time swings 'over to an angle as in the merely vertical type of machines; thus its following of the pattern is absolutely accurate. The' 7 S is then moved from its vertical positionV to a horizontal position thus accomplishing, as previously stated, the elevation lof the tool to the point determined by the stop 95 set by the micrometer 93, together'with the locking of the quill by the locking bar 91 and the rotation of the tool by the belts 7 5 or 75; the belt which drives the tool depends upon whether the quill is provided with a clutching device for thev smaller pulley driven by belt 7 5 or for the larger pulley driven by belt 75. The clutch members are attached to the quills so thatthe operator need not pay any attention to the speed of rotation of the tool desired: the proper speed is obtained automatically. The work in the form of a steel punch blank, ,for eX- ample, has previously been set, it will be assumed, in the holder 56 and moved into place in the member 58 in which it is held by the pin 59, as previously described.

rThe operator now moves the tracer 103 in a horizontal plane over the base projection 110 following the outlines of a pattern attached to this base projection in any suitable and well-known manner. It may be considered that there is a pattern of a typographie character on the base 110. Movements in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 2, corresponding with the height of the character, are transmitted in an obvious manner to the tracer arm 11 causing the intermediate gimbal ring 9 to produce through its pivots 8 a` tilting movement of the outer gimbal ring 7 upon its pivots 6 secured in the ring member 5 of the frame of the machine. This tilting of the gimbal ring 7 obviously causes the piston l5 to move the cylinder 10 and with it the plate 22 in a height direction. the gimbal ring 7 and the plate 22 is therefore the height connection and is so indif cated in Fig. 5. The plate 22 is driven in the same direction as the tracer 103 but at' a `reduced distance according to the-adjustment of the connection referred to, and this plate through the keys 28 drives the top plate 23 and the bottom plate 24; to the latter is attached the member 58 and the work holder 56. Therefore the work is moved being cut by the tool while movingV and the distance it moves is proportional to the distance moved by the tracer arm 103, according to theadjustment, and the direction of movement corresponds with the direction of movement of tracer 103. lVhen the top and bottoni plates move with the plate 22, the cylinder 40 and piston 45 also move, causing the piston rod 46 and the inner gimbal ring 15 to tilt upon the pivots 141 in the intermediate gimbal ring 9.

It will be observed that the height drivingof the work is accomplished through the height connection with plate 22, and that the width connection merely follows along due to the pivotal connection of the inner gimbal ring 15 with the intermediate gimbal ring v9. It will also be observed that the universal joint for producing height movements consists of the intermediate gimbal ring 9 and the outer ring 7 v lhcn the operator moves the tracer V103 from left to right (F ig. 2) or in a width direction, this motion is transmitted to the intermediate gimbal ring 9 which turns uponl the pivots 8 connected the ring 9 with the outer ring 7 yand tilts the inner ring 15 through vthe intermediary ofthe pivots 14, thusvdriving the piston 115 and the cylinder 46 in a width direction, the amount of movement beingl proportional to the amount of movement of the tracer 103 according to the adjustment of the connecrllhe connection betweenv tion between the inner giml'ial ring and the top andL bottom plates to which .the cylinder 40 is attached. This connection may be theretore termed the width connection, as indicated in lfig'. if. linen the Vpiston llo drives the plates '2S-l and 24e and with them the worli, the plate 22 is not moved because the keys between the plates r2 and 23 slide in the slots Q5.) in contact with the rollers 3() (Fig. 8). l

lt will be noted iliat the width movement is transmitted through the width connection without ai'lccting in any way the height connection, and it has Aalready been stated that the height connection tor driying the plates and the wort' in the height. direction is not influenced in any way by the Width adjustment. lt `is therefore pos: sible to elevate more or less the piston in the height connection without altering the driving ot' the piston 45 in the width direction. Mrllhe opposite is also true, namelv, that the adjustment ot the widthconriection has no influence upon the driving of the height connection; although it is obvious that it the operator moves the tracer 1.023 in a diagonal direction, he will onerate throng both connections at the time. in (which case, however, neither connection inthiences the other. ln' movin the width direction, the universal nt comprises the intermediate gimbal rin.; t) and the .inner ,cimbal ring 15. .lt is tapparet;t therefore that the three-ring construction ot the gimbal joint may bererfled as two independent universal joints cianbincd so that one member, namely, the interinediaeI ring is a part of each joint.

The machine is adjustable also as tothe amount ot reduction through the combination et the vertical pantograph with the horizontal pantograph. As shown the horizontal pantograph ma;7 be altered to reduce trom two to one with the pin 99 as shown in 1. or tour to one with the pin placed at the point 109. The vertical pantolgraph may in practice have a rediiction, tor e. imple, ot twelve to one. This. combination abilit,Y ot the machine makes it .possible to use large patterns while obtaining i rein'oduction which is very small, and this insiles 'tor accuracy ot reproduction: it also il'iossible the construction ot a inachine having); tht` variable ad tur-nit advantages oi a vertical pantogf; apli together with a large degree o'lE reduction, which in the machine shown may be, as indicated, 'forty-eight to one, without requiringl a high,

massive inacl'iine with the tool and work soy ot a flat or horizontal lever mechanism, it l'ollows the pattern edges without producing any distortion, such as occurs in the case ot a vertical pantograph having` a tracer such as the tracer 13 which swings back and torth over the base plate at various angles thereto varying troni the perpendicular. Such a swinging tracer when used to 'follow the pattern is only vertical when working directly below the airis or the universal joint, and presents an incline to the vertical when moved to one side so that it engages at certain parts of the pattern with the upper line of its edge and at other parts of the pattern with the bor.- tom line ot its edge. This produces a distortion in the product which particularly in typographical and sin'iilar extremely accurate reproductions is objectionable because even distortions which are so slight as not capable of being measured, may de.- stroy the artistic eliiect desired by he designer. The use otl the combination oit' pantographs, thus providing a stylus or tracer which is at all tin'ies perpendicular to the plane ot' the pattern, causes the tracer to act at all times against the full, perpendicular edge of the pattern and produces a product which has no distortion.

l claim:

1. A punch cutting machine comprising a tracer lever suspended 'to swing in all directions whereby its trac-er may rollow a pattern; a. 'slidable member; adjustable means connecting the lever and member whereby increment ot the lever in one direction will drive the nieniberin said direction; a second slidable n'ieniher, adjustable means connecting lthe lever and said second member whereby movement of the lever in a direction at right angles to said first named direction will drive the second member in said right angle direction: a holding` device connected with said members to be driven thereby whereby the motion ot said device will correspond to the motion or said tracer, the proportional degree of' motion ot the device in either of the two said directions being dependent upon the particular adjustment ot said two connecting means.

A punch cutting machine comprising a tracer lever suspended to swingl in all directions whereby its tracer may 'follow a pattern; 'a slidable member, an adjustable lever system connecting said tracer lever and said slidable member whereby the movenient ot the lever in one direction will drive the nieniber in said direction, a second slid` able member, a second adjustable lever system connecting the lever and said second member whereby movement ot the lever in a direction at right angles to said lirst named direction will drive the second meinber in said right angle direction, and a holding device mounted to be driven by each of said members. Y

3. A punch cutting machine comprising a tracer lever Suspended to swing in all direc' tions whereby its tracer maytollow a pattern, a slidable plate, adjustable means connecting the lever and plate whereby ino-vement of the lever in one direction will drive the plate in said direction, a second plate, adjustable means connecting the lever and said secondplate whereby movement ot the lever at right angles to said rst named direction will drive the second plaie in said right angle direction, a key between. said plates whereby said second plate may be driven by the lever without aftecting the movement of the first plate but whereby the movement of the first plate will carry said second plate along with it, said .connecting means between the lever and the second plate being provided with a pivot whereby this movement of the second plate when driven by the kfirst plate is permitted, and a holding device detachably secured to said second plate,

4. A punch cutting machine comprising a tracer lever suspended from a gimbal joint whereby its tracer may swing in all directions to follow a pattern, said gimbal joint comprising an outer ring pivoted to a frame and an inner ring to which the lever is fixed, said inner ring being pivoted to the outer ring at right angles t0 the pivots ot the latter, a slidable member, an arm adjustable in length connecting the outer gimbal ring with said member to drive the latter in one direction, a second slidable member, a second arm adjustable in length pivotally supported within the inner ring of the giinbal on pivots extending in the same direction as the pivots of the outer gimbal ring, said arm connecting the inner gimbal ring with said second slidable member to drive it in a direction at right angles to the direction in which said first slidable member is driven, and a holding device mounted to be driven by each of said members.

5. A punch cutting machine comprising a tracer lever suspended from a universal joint having non-adjustable pivots at right angles to each other so that the lever may swing in any direction, a holding plate movable in a horizontal plane, an arm connecting the universal joint with said plate, said arm being adjustable in length and being connected with the universal joint to swing on one of the pivots thereof to drive the plate when the tracer lever is moved to swing on said pivots, a second plate movable in a horizontal plane at right angles to the movement of said first plate, and a second arm connecting` said second plate with the said universal joint and swinging on the pivots thereof at right angles tothe aforementioned pivots,'said second arm being adjustable in length independently of the adjustment of the first arm and said first arm low freely the movements oit the eccomiy plate.

6. A reproducing machine comprising a three ring gimbal joint, a tracer arm connected with the intermediate ring, an element to be driven in accordance with the movements of the tracer arm, a connection between the outer gimbal ring and the said element to drive it in one direction and a. connection between the inner gimbai ring and the element to drive it in a direction at right angles to the first named direction.

7. A punch'cutting machine comprising a three ring gimbal joint, a tracer arm connected 4with the intermediate ring, a work holding plate, independently adjustable driving connections between the other rings and the plate whereby driving the plate in one direction is controlled by one adjustable connection and driving it in adirection at right angles thereto is controlled by the other adjustable connection, and a cutting tool located in a fixed position to operate upon the work.

8. A punch cutting machine comprising a tracer lever suspended from a non-adjustable universal joint ,to swing in all directions vto follow a pattern, a slidable plate, means including a telescopically adjustable arm connecting the lever and plate whereby the lever when moved in one direction will drive the plate in said direction, a second slidable pla-te, means including a telescopically adjustable arm connecting the lever and said second plate whereby the lever when moved in a direction at right angles to said irst named direction will drive the second plate in said right angle direction, a holding device operatively connected with said plates to be driven thereby whereby the motion of the said device will correspond with the motion of said tracer, the proportional degree of motion ot' the device in either of the two directions depending upon the adjustment of said two connecting means.

9. A reproducing machine comprising an element to be moved in two directions at right angles to each other, a universall joint comprising a power receiving member and two driving members, a tracer arm connected with said power receiving member, a connection between the element and one of said driving members whereby the latter drives the element in one direction, a second connection between the element and the other f of said driving members whereby the latter inn,- nieinher, a ley between the two members whereby the drivingr member drives the worl: holdingl member in one direction and allows it to move ireely in a direction at right angles thereto, a tracer arm suspended to Swingin all directions to tollow a pattern, a nonncction, adjustable in length, lietween the tracer rm and the werh-holding,l member and a second connection, adjustable in length between the tracer arm and the driving' member, .vherehj7 inox/'ement of the tracer arm in one direction will move the driving' member through the connection therebetween and with it through the hey will aleo move the worleholding' member and whcreiiy movement ot the tracer arm in a direction at rigiht angles to said lirst named direction will move the work-holding member in said right angle direction through the said connection between the tracer arm and the wo holding` member.

il. [L punch cutting' machine comprising a base plate, a universal joint, a tracer arm suspended from the joint to swing` in all directions above the base plate, a work holder, a cinting` tool to operate upon the work in the holder, a connection between the universal jointand the work holder to canse. movement of the work holder in accordance with the movements of the tracer arm, a

pantograph pivoted to the base plate and located at all times in a plane parallel with the plane o't movement ot the work holder, a pattern tracer secured to the pantograph and extending at all times parallel to the axis otf the cutting' tool, and a universal joint connection between the said tracer arm and the said pantograph.

l). it punch cutting' machine comprising a base plate, a three ringl gjiinbal joint, a tracer arm. suspended from the intermediate gimhal ring' to swing in all direct-ions over the hase plate, a work holder, a connection between the onter gimloal ring and the worl holder, a. second connection between the inner gimhal ring and the work holder, sait connections causing' movement ot the work holder in accordance with the n'iovemcnts ot' JYhe tracer arm, a cutting tool to operate npon the work in the worl; holder and extending perpendicular to the plane of movement thereof, a pantograph pivoted to the hase plate and located at all times in a plane parallel with the plane ot movement otl said work holder, a universal jointconnection between the pantograph and the tracer arm and a tracer for the pantograph extending at all times parallel to the axis oit the cutting tool.

MAURITZ C. INDAHL. 

